Publications, Presentations and Social Media

Feb 2017   |    Dec 2019   |    Oct 2020   |

Value of working in the developing world

Teichmann D. The Value of Urolink: an OOPE experience. Urology News 2019; 23 (4) 30-31

Biyani S, Campain N, Moore M, Gobezie A, Teferi GT, MacDonagh R. Urolink supporting the development of urological services in Hawassa, Ethiopia.   BJUI 2019; 123(6): 917-920

Campain NJ, Venn S, Biyani CS, MacDonagh RP, McGrath JS, on behalf of BAUS Urolink. Global urology: a survey of members of the British Association of Urological Surgeons.  J Clin Urol 2016; 9(6): 409 - 416

Campain NJ, MacDonagh RP, Mteta KA, McGrath JS; on behalf of BAUS Urolink. Over the horizon - future innovations in global urology.  BJUI 2015; 116(3): 318‐320

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Potential downsides of training in the developing world

Gujral S, Nassanga R. UROLINK - benefits for trainees from both sides. BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 11-12

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Logistics of working in the developing world

McGrath, JS, MacDonagh, RP. UROLINK – a changing face: learning from experience, responding to change and rediscovering our roots.  BJUI 2010; 105: 157–159

Harrison N. UROLINK: a model for working together in a changing world. BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 1-5

MacDonagh R, Jiddawi M, Parry V. Twinning: the future for sustainable collaboration.  BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 13-17

Harrison NW, Eshleman JL, Ngugi PM. Ethical issues of the developing world. Br J Urol 1995; 76(Suppl.2):  93-6

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Teaching and training

Soko G. A first of many: Zambia represents at EUREP19. EAU Newspaper 2019

Campain N, Kailavasan M, Chalwe M, Gobeze A, Teferi G, Lane R,  Biyani CS. An Evaluation of the Role of Simulation Training for Teaching Surgical Skills in Sub-Saharan Africa.  World J Surgery 2018; 42(4): 923‐929 

Campain NJ, Parnham AS, Spasojevic N, Reeves F, Venn S, Biyani CS. Use of a simulated model to teach male adult circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa.  World J Surgery 2017; 41(1): 10-13

Campain NJ, MacDonagh RP, Mteta KA, McGrath JS, on behalf of BAUS Urolink. Current challenges to urological training in sub-Saharan Africa.  BJUI 2015; 116(3): 316‐318

Manjunath A. The Lester Eshleman Urology Workshop (Tanzania): a trainee’s perspective. Urology News 2014; 18 (4)

McGrath JS, Painter D, Payne SR. Surgical training in the developing world. BMJ Career Focus, January 2005; 46–8 

McGrath J. Out of Africa. Hospital Doctor; July 2004

Evans CM,  Duffy P, Rees R. Trainees' Forum: 2003 Visit to Zambia.  Urology News 2004; 8(2): 28-30

Gujral S, Nassanga R. UROLINK - benefits for trainees from both sides. BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 11-12

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Urology in specific geographic locations

Aslam ZM. The scent of Ethiopia: a personal story part 2. Urology News 2017; 21 (4) 

Aslam ZM, Teferi G, Gobeze A, Biyani C S, Watson GM, The scent of Ethiopia: a personal story part 1. Urology News 2016; 20 (4) 

Evans C. UROLINK in sub-Saharan Africa. BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 6-10

Fellows GJ. Lessons from a regional hospital. A personal view of urology at KCMC, Tanzania.   Trop Doctor 1995;  25(Suppl.1): 68–72

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Specific diseases or conditions of urological interest

Biyani CS, Bhatt J, Taylor J, Gobeze AA, McGrath J, MacDonagh R. Introducing endourology to a developing country: how to make it sustainable.  J Clin Urol. 2013; 7(3): 202–207

Books

Childress JF.  Public Bioethics: Principles and Problems. 2020. OUP. Oxford

Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, et al (Eds). Essential Surgery: Disease Control Priorities (Third Edition) 2015. The World Bank. Washington.

Brent A, Davidson R, Seale A. Oxford Handbook of Tropical Medicine (Fourth Edition) 2014. OUP. Oxford.

Mabey D, Gill G, Parry E et. al. Principles of Medicine in Africa (Fourth Edition) 2013. CUP. Cambridge.

Pinto AD, & Upshur REG. (Eds.). (First Edition) 2013. An Introduction to Global Health Ethics. Routledge. London.

deVries CR, Price RR. Global Surgery and Public Health. A new Paradigm. 2012. Jones & Bartlett. Sudbury.

Kravitz AS, van Tulleken A. The Oxford Handbook of Humanitarian Medicine. 2009. OUP. Oxford.

Kamel R, Lumley J (Eds). Textbook of Tropical Surgery. 2004. Westminster Publishing Ltd. London.

Husain I (Ed). Tropical Urology and Renal Disease.1984. Churchill Livingstone. Edinburgh.

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How many people volunteer?

Chatwin J, Ackers L. Volunteering and overseas placements in the NHS: a survey of current activity. BMJ Open 2016; 6: e012160.

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Ethical Considerations

McCauley M, Raven J, van den Broek N. Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2021; 11: e041599.

Sayeed S, Taylor L. Institutionalising global health: a call for ethical reflection. BMJ Global Health 2020; 5: e003353.

Childress JF. Paternalism in Healthcare and Health Policy Chapter 2 in Public Bioethics: Principles and Problems. 2020. OUP. Oxford

Martin K. Do No Harm: The Urgent Need to Reform Short-Term Global Health Experiences.  Ann Global Health 2019 85(1): 81.

Rowthorn V, Loh L, Evert J, Chung E et al. Not Above the Law: A Legal and Ethical Analysis of Short-Term Experiences in Global Health. Ann Global Health 2019; 85(1): 79.

Gostin LO. Global Health: Shared Obligations and Mutual Respect.  Ann Global Health 2019; 85(1): 80.

Eadsforth H. Professionalisation of International Medical Volunteer Work to Maintain Ethical Standards: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of Volunteer Doctors in Relation to UK Policy. Med Sci (Basel). 2019 Jan 14; 7(1): 9.

Holly L. International Health Partnerships: how does the NHS benefit. THET 2019.

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Value of working in the developing world

McCauley M, Raven J, van den Broek N. Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2021; 11: e041599.

Holly L. International Health Partnerships: how does the NHS benefit. THET 2019.

Zamora, B., Gurupira, M., Rodes Sanchez, M. et al. The value of international volunteers experience to the NHS.   Global Health 2019; 15: 31.

Yeomans D, Le G, Pandit H, et al. Is overseas volunteering beneficial to the NHS? The analysis of volunteers’ responses to a feedback questionnaire following experiences in low-income and middle- income countries.   BMJ Open 2017; 7: e017517.

Jack  BA, Kirton  JA, Downing  J, et al. The personal value of being part of a tropical health education trust (THET) links programme to develop a palliative care degree programme in Sub Saharan Africa: a descriptive study of the views of volunteer UK health care professionals. Global Health 2015; 11: 47.

All Party Parliamentary Group on Global Health. Improving Health at Home and Abroad: How overseas volunteering from the NHS benefits the UK and the world. 2013 Improving Health at Home and Abroad - Full Report

Crisp N. Global Health Partnerships - The UK contribution to health in developing countries. COI. 2007

Baguely D, Killeen T, Wright J. International health links: an evaluation of partnerships bwetween health-care organizations in the UK and developing countries. Tropical Doctor 2006; 36: 149-154

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The medical diaspora from, and the effects of  volunteers in, the developing world

THET. Experts in Our Midst: Recognising the contribution NHS diaspora staff make to global health. THET 2021

Hutch A, Bekele A, O'Flynn E, Ndonga A, Tierney S, Fualal J, Samkange C, Erzingatsian K. The Brain Drain Myth: retention of specialist surgical graduates in East, Central & Southern Africa, 1974-2013.  World J Surgery. 2017; 41: 3041-53

Grimes CE, Lane RHS. Global surgery guidelines for surgical volunteerism. How to ensure that your surgical placement overseas provides maximum benefit for you and your hosts. Bulletin RCS Eng. 2016; 98:4: 172-173 

Tam V, Edge JS, Hoffman SJ. Empirically evaluating the WHO global code of practice on the international recruitment of health personnel’s impact on four high-income countries four years after adoption. Global Health 2016; 12: 62.

Hoffman SJ, Røttingen JA. Assessing the Expected Impact of Global Health Treaties: Evidence From 90 Quantitative Evaluations. Am J Public Health. 2015 Jan;105(1):26-40.

Poppe A,  Jirovsky  Blacklock C et. al.  Why sub-Saharan African health workers migrate to European countries that do not actively recruit: a qualitative study post-migration. Global Health Action 2014; , 7:1

Cometto G, Tulenko K, Muula AS, Krech R.  Health Workforce Brain Drain: From Denouncing the Challenge to Solving the Problem. PLoS Med. 2013: 10(9): e1001514.

Nair M, Webster P. Health professionals' migration in emerging market economies: patterns, causes and possible solutions, J Public Health, 2013: 35(1): 157–163. 

Mills E J, Kanters S, Hagopian A, Bansback N, Nachega J, Alberton M et al. The financial cost of doctors emigrating from sub-Saharan Africa: human capital analysis BMJ. 2011;  343 :d7031 doi:10.1136/bmj.d7031

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Logistics of working in the developing world

Metzler I, Bayne D, Chang H, Jalloh M, Sharlip I. Challenges facing the urologist in low- and middle-income countries. . World J Urol. 2020 Nov;38(11): 2987-2994. 

Scotland KB, Watson GM.The Current Status of Global Urology.  Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep 2020; 15, 345–351. 

BMA. Working abroad as a doctor BMA

Akenroye OO, Adebona OT, Akenroye AT. Surgical Care in the Developing World-Strategies and Framework for Improvement. J Public Health Afr. 2013; 4(2): e20.

Grimes, C.E., Bowman, K.G., Dodgion, C.M. et al. Systematic Review of Barriers to Surgical Care in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries. World J Surg 2011; 35: 941–950.

Kruk M E, Wladis A, Mbembati N, Ndao-Brumblay S K, Hsia R Y. et al. Human Resource and Funding Constraints for Essential Surgery in District Hospitals in Africa: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Survey. PLoS Med 2010; 7 (3): e1000242.

BMA. Broadening your horizons: a guide to taking time out to work and train in developing countries BMA International Department 2009

Baguley D, Killeen T, Wright J. International health links: an evaluation of partnerships between health-care organizations in the UK and developing countries. Trop Dr. 2006; 36: 149–54.

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Burden of disease

Gouda HN, Charlson F, Sorsdahl K. et al. Burden of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Glob Health 2019; 7: e1375–87.

GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018; 392: 1789–858.

Agyepong IA, Sewankambo N, Binagwaho A et al. The path to longer and healthier lives for all Africans
by 2030: the Lancet Commission on the future of health in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet 2017; 390: 2803–59.

Chao TE, Sharma K, Mandigo M, Hagander L, Resch SC, Weiser TG, et al. Cost-effectiveness of surgery and its policy implications for global health: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014; 2(6): e334–e45.

Bickler S, Ozgediz D, Gosselin R, et al. Key concepts for estimating the burden of surgical conditions and the unmet need for surgical care. World J Surg 2010; 34: 374–80.

Ozgediz D, Jamison D, Cherian M, McQueen K. The burden of surgical conditions and access to surgical care in low- and middle-income countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2008; 86(8): 646-647.

Weiser TG, Regenbogen SE, Thompson KD, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, Berry WR, et al. An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet. 2008; 372(9633): 139–44.

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Teaching and training

Mohan HM, Fitzgerald E, Gokani V et al. Engagement and role of surgical trainees in global surgery: Consensus statement and recommendations from the Association of Surgeons in Training.  Int. J. Surg. 2018 Apr; 52: 366-370.

Barber Z, Jones C, Dobbs T.Taking time out of training.  BMJ  2015; 351 :h5460

Dreyer J, Hannay J, Lane R. Teaching the management of surgical emergencies through a short course to surgical residents in East/Central Africa delivers excellent educational outcomes.  World J Surgery 2014; 38(4): 830-8
(Urolink organised and ran the urology component of this course)

Ozgediz D, Roayaie K, Debas H, Schecter W, Farmer D. Surgery in Developing Countries: Essential Training in Residency. Arch Surg. 2005;140(8):795–800. 

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Urology in specific geographic locations

Rao, KD, Bhatnagar A, Berman P. So many, yet few: Human resources for health in India.  Hum Resour Health 2012; 10, 19

Managadze L, Chanturaia Z. Urology in Eastern Europe in the 1990s.  BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 18-21

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Specific diseases or conditions of urological interest

Mantica G, Terrone C, Der Merwe AV. Bladder Cancer and Associated Risk Factors: The African Panorama. Eur Urol. 2021 May; 79(5): 568-570

Ghoneim M . Bilharziasis of the genitourinary tract. BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 22-30

Naudeâ J. Reconstructive urology in the tropical and developing world: a personal perspective.
BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 31-36

DeVries C. The role of the urologist in the treatment and elimination of lymphatic filariasis worldwide.
BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 37-43

Plange-Rhule J, Micah F, Eastwood J. Clinical nephrological problems important to the urologist.
BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 44-49

Hamlin E, Muleta M, Kennedy R. Providing an obstetric fistula service.  BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 50-53

Sharifi-Aghdas F, Ghaderian N, Payvand A. Free bladder mucosal autograft in the treatment of complicated vesicovaginal fistula.  BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 54-56

Gaitonde K, Goyal A, Nagaonkar S, Patil N, Singh D, Srinivas V. Retrospective review and long-term follow-up of radical cystectomy in a developing country.  BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 57-61

Rizvi S, Naqvi S, Hussain Z, Hashmi A, Hussain M, Zafar M, Mehdi H, Khalid R. The management of stone disease.
BJUI 2002; 89(Suppl.1): 62-68

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Equipment

Marks IH, Thomas H, Bakhet M, Fitzgerald E. Medical equipment donation in low resource settings: a review of the literature and guidelines for surgery & anaesthesia in low-income and middle-income countries. 
BMJ Global Health 2019; 4: 4-9

Malkin RA, Whittle C. Biomedical equipment technician capacity building using a unique evidence-based curriculum improves healthcare. J Clin Eng. 2014; 39(1): 37–44.

Oosting RM, Wauben LSGL, Groen RS et al. Equipment for essential surgical care in 9 countries across Africa: availability, barriers and need for novel design. Health Technol. 2009; 9: 269–275.

WHO. Medical Devices. Managing the Mismatch An outcome of the Priority Medical Devices project. 2010. Geneva.

The History of Urolink Podcast (March 2021) Listen to a conversation between Steve Payne and Neville Harrison (retired consultant urologist from Brighton and Urolink's first chair) about his initial experiences working in Africa in the 1970s, his role in the development of an organisation that morphed into Urolink and his relationship with Lester Eschelman that initiated the development of the first durable link between BAUS and KCMC. This podcast is a fascinating insight into the evolution of Urolink from an embryonic concept to the organisation we know today.

Fellowship Training in the UK Podcast - a Malawian Perspective (October 2020) Listen to a conversation between Steve Payne (BAUS Urolink secretary) and Charles Mabedi (Consultant urologist in Lilongwe, Malawi) after he spent time training in the UK with Suzie Venn in Worthing. This podcast is a great opportunity to learn about the advantages and difficulties encountered by urologists coming from LMICs to the UK for further specialist surgical training.

BAUS President's Urolink Podcast (August 2020) Listen to Tim O'Brien (President of BAUS) talking to Suzie Venn, Nick Campain and Charles Mabedi about Urolink's activities in sub-Saharan Africa.

Prostate cancer Webinar between Lusaka and Exeter moderated by Mr Jaimin Bhatt (July 2021). Watch presentations by Dr Siame and Mr Ng about the advanced way in which prostate cancer regularly presents in Zambia and how hormone manipulation is effected there, customarily by bilateral sub-capsular orchidectomy. Mike Ng tells us about the evidence-based management of staged prostate cancer in the UK.

Fournier's Gangrene Webinar between Lusaka and Maidstone moderated by Mr. Mark Speakman (Jun 2021). Watch presentations by Dr Stanslous and Mr Folkard about the differing modes of presentation of Fournier's gangerene from each site, and the logistic difficulties there are in pre-op preparation of really sick patients for surgical debridement in Zambia. One surprising upshot from this session was that the majority of blood donation, for transfusion, in Zambia comes from children of school age!

Posterior Urethral Valves Webinar between Lusaka and Leeds moderated by Prof. Ram Subramaniam (May 2021). Watch presentations by Dr. Kachacha and Ms Please about the markedly different incidence, and age at presentation, of PUVs in both countries. There was a wide-ranging discussion about aetiological factors as well as the pros and cons of early and late treatment. Ram Subramaniam gave a fascinating synopsis of his vast experience in managing the dysfunctional bladder problems associated with this condition.

Hypospadias Webinar between Lusaka and Salford moderated by Mr Nenad Spasojevic (Apr 2021) Watch presentations by Dr Obeng and Mr Gray, about the modes of presentation of hypospadias in both countries, and a discussion about the pros and cons of early and later treatment for children with distal abnormalities. There is also some debate about the long-term consequences of reconstructive surgery for this common urogenital condition.

Urethral Trauma Webinar between Lusaka and Exeter moderated by Mr Steve Payne (Mar 2021) Watch presentations by Dr Obeng and Mr Ng, about the substantial differences in the causes of traumatic urethral stricture between the two countries. The involvement of three UK-based reconstructors gives up-to-the-minute views about the initial mangement of urethral trauma, and subsequent reconstruction.

Testicular Torsion Webinar between Lusaka and Maidstone moderated by Mr Ian Rudd (Feb 2021) Watch presentations by Dr Soko and Mr. Folkard, about how the lack of primary care services, and the distances to hospital, make to the outcome from testicular torsion. It is also a fascinating insight into the differences in getting obtaining informed consent from parents is between the UK and Zambia!

Undecended Testis Webinar between Lusaka and Inverness moderated by Mr Mike Ng (Jan 2021) Watch presentations by Dr Mutana and Miss Brodie, about the differences in the age of presentation with undecended testis as well as the options available to try and maintain fertility, or manage male-factor infertility in men presenting late with cryptorchidism.

Penile Cancer Webinar between Lusaka and Bristol moderated by Mr Adi Manjunath (Dec 2020) Watch presentations by Dr Masebo and Mr Sahdev, about the differences in the presentation and aetiological causes of penile cancer seen in the UK and Zambia. This presentation emphasies the importance of HPV in the aetiology of penile cancer in Africa, and the late presentation there.

Bladder Cancer Webinar between Lusaka and Exeter moderated by Mr Jaimin Bhatt (Nov 2020) Watch presentations by Dr Chamileke and Mr Ng, about the differences in the aetiology, presentation    and management of bladder cancer cases seen in the UK and Zambia. Emphasies the different pathologies that cause bladder cancer in each setting, and the evidence base for management in Europe.

BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting 2021

UROLINK SESSION (Chairs: Mr Jaimin Bhatt & Mr Matt Trail)
coming soon	Introduction                                                                                                                                                                Jaimin Bhatt, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow and Matt Trail, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy
coming soon	Update from Our Sites – Zambia, Hawassa, KCMC Tanzania, Malawi and Uganda Steve Payne, Manchester
coming soon	Remote Mentoring Graham Watson, Eastbourne District General Hospital
coming soon	Bidirectional learning - a Zambia/U.K. collaboration                                                                                           Nick Campain, Royal Free Hospital, London, Mike NG, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Nkomba Chamileke and Victor Mapulanga, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
coming soon	Plans for the Next Year                                                                                                                                                Jaimin Bhatt, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow

BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting 2019

UROLINK SESSION (Chairs: Miss Suzie Venn & Mr Philip Thomas)
3:25	Introduction Suzie Venn, St Richard's Hospital, Chichester
29:17	Reflections Ru MacDonagh, Taunton & Somerset Hospital
15:02	OOPE with Urolink Dominic Teichmann, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Wales

BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting 2018

UROLINK SESSION (Chairs: Mrs Suzie Venn & Mr Paul Anderson)
34:30	Urolink Update Suzie Venn, St Richard’s Hospital & Mr Paul Anderson, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley Urological Training in Africa Charles Mabedi, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi Training LMIC Urologists in the UK Abubacarr Jah, Sharab Medical Centre, Serrekunda, The Gambia

BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting 2017

UROLINK SESSION (Chairs: Mrs Suzie Venn & Mr Graham Watson)
46:49	Endourology in the developing world: challenges & opportunities Srinath Chandrasekera, University of Sri Jayawardanapura, Sri Lanka TURP camps at Kisiizi Hospital, Uganda - better than the day job Adam Jones, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading

BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting 2016

UROLINK SESSION - LINKING UROLOGY CARE & TRAINING IN AFRICA (Chair: Mr Philip Thomas, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton)

47:41

Lancet commission on global surgery Philip Thomas, Royal Sussex County Hospital Brighton Observations from Urolink visit to Ethiopia Zeeshan Aslam, Morriston Hospital Swansea Thoughts on KCMC visit Chris Parker, Yeovil District Hospital MSE course - teaching the management of urological emergencies Nick Campain, Torbay District Hospital Urethroplasty workshop, Lusaka Paul Anderson, Russells Hall Hospital Birmingham

Global Surgical Frontiers Conference - Apr 2017

The theme for the 2017 conference was Surgery in Children and Young People. All surgical specialties deal with children's surgical conditions, and most low and middle income countries (LMICs) have a demographic breakdown where nearly half of their population are under 16.  The aim of the GSF Conference, held on 21 & 22 April 2017, was three fold: to inform about global needs in surgery; to provide information about how UK surgeons can be involved with surgical work, training and research in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs); and to allow networking for surgeons, trainees and medical students interested in global surgery. Conference programme  |  Video record of Day 1  |  Video record of Day 2